University of the western cape faculty of arts decentering. This note provides the historical background of the present crisis. Reverend sitholes small zanundonga party won two seats. Mnangagwas support came from the senior ranks of the security establishment, as well as parts of zanupfs parliamentary caucus and younger party members. The party was led for many years under robert mugabe, first as prime minister with the zimbabwe african national union zanu and then as president from 1987 after the merger with the zimbabwe african peoples union zapu and. Click on a datetime to view the file as it appeared at that time. This contribution seeks to explain the ruling zanu pf partys electoral hege mony by. The primary opposition party following independence, the zimbabwe african peoples union zapu was coercively merged into zanupf in 1987. Zimbabwe, multiracial christian democracy mcd and zanu ndonga.
But this manipulation of the national story is not new. Dec 06, 2009 zanu is the zimbabwe african national union, the political wing of the maoist faction of the majorityrule movement in zimbabwe in the 1970s. Throughout its history, the service has struggled to. An inclusive, socially just, prosperous, tolerant, transformative and democratic developmental state in which people have equal opportunities to pursue happiness. This is probably something of which president mugabe is all too aware. The leader of zimbabwe since its independence in 1980, robert mugabe 19242019 was one of the longestserving and, in the latter years of his reign, most infamous african rulers. Search the history of over 424 billion web pages on the internet. July 31 general elections frequently asked questions page 4 of 16 why is the july 31 election in zimbabwe significant. Pdf zanupf strategies in general elections, 19802000. The july 31 election will be the first under the countrys new constitution, bringing a formal end to the global political agreement established after the violent and disputed 2008 election.
Most observers reported the elections to have been free and fair although they criticised zanupfs domination of the media and aspects of electoral procedures. Summary zimbabwes armed forces, under the control of president robert mugabes zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic front zanupf, are engaging in. Introduction the ruling zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic front zanupf and its leader president robert mugabe have puzzled many political analysts and lay people by successively winning elections in the midst of serious and unprecedented economic and. Whereas zanu pf and pfzapu have irrevocably committed themselves to unite under one political party. It also explores the extent to which zanupf is adapting to democratic politics and multiparty elections. Nov 27, 2017 as journalists and a veritable army of newfound zimbabwe experts join the bun rush to describe the history of robert mugabes replacement, emmerson mnangagwa, there has been much talk. Pdf the zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic fronts ngo act. A more complex answer entails burrowing deeper into history, however, and melding the conjectural and the historical. Again, at the end of 2017, in november, mugabe, after 37 years ruling, was forced to resign through a bloodless. Constitution of the zimbabwe african national union patriotic front zanu pf incorporating amendments ratified by the national peoples congress held in harare in june 2005 nb pagination differs from the printed version.
Sylvester nyatsuro crime files willows medical center. Whereas we are conscious of the historical links between zanu pf and pf zapu that culminated in the formation ofthe patriotic front alliance which was the. On march 31, 2005, zimbabwe holds a parliamentary general election, the sixth since attaining her. A member of zanupf and a longtime ally of former president robert mugabe, he held a series of cabinet portfolios and was mugabes vicepresident until november 2017, when he was dismissed. Read, highlight, and take notes, across web, tablet, and phone. This network has presumably been created to enhance the personal wealth of those involved, to maintain zanupfs power base and to recoup some of the costs of zimbabwes chaotic military.
U t e f o institut e for s ecurit y studies t r i t s e n i u. Despite claims from zanu pf functionaries that the zanu pf constitution contains clear succession procedures, past experience suggests the distinct possibility of intraparty conflict upon robert mugabe. Historical background to zanu pf and zimbabwean politics the history of zanu pf can be traced back to the struggle for the liberation of the. Zanu pf chiredzi west legislator farai musikavanhu zanu pf allegedly grabbed,4 tonnes of the subsidised roller meal from ok. Zanu split in 1975 into wings loyal to robert mugabe and ndabaningi sithole, later respectively called zanu pf and zanu ndonga. Trained as a teacher, he spent 11 years as a political prisoner under ian smiths rhodesian government.
The name of the party shall be the zimbabwe african national union partriotic front hereinafter referred to as zanu pf or the party 2. Osleg has the resources to protect and defend,support. It could be that zanupf itself is haunted by the ghosts of foreign funding. Reverend sitholes small zanu ndonga party won two seats. Much will depend on the power struggle within the ruling party, the cohesion of the opp osition and the ability of the international community to seize the moment and re engage the country in a process of real and meaningful change. The history of violence in present day matabeleland can be traced back to the precolonial era, but this article will focus on three episodes, namely, the second chimurenga, gukurahundi and the electionrelated violence since 2000.
In the referendum, the people resoundingly rejected the governmentsponsored draft constitution, the first time that zanu pf had ever been defeated in an election. Zimbabwe women and their participation in elections. The history of zanu pf can be traced back to the struggle for the liberation of the majority of zimbabweans against the backdrop of colonisation and domination by white colonialists of british. Human rights abuses in the marange diamond fields of zimbabwe. The only good blair is a toilet 67 image 4 mbare will never be zanupf 80 image 5 zimbabwe shall never be a chinese colony again 81 image 6 part of soapstone bird curving returned from germany 98. The daily news, up until its ban in the post 2002 election era, has been vitriolic in haranguing everything that zanu pf stands for. The zimbabwe african national union patriotic front zanu pf is a political organization which has been the ruling party of zimbabwe since independence in 1980. In 2008, monitoring the elections, the human rights forum indicated that politically.
Mujuru garnered a large amount of support in zanupfs politburo, central committee, presidium, and among the provincial party chairs. Zanupf 1980 election manifesto robert gabriel mugabe. Zimbabwe s zanupf offers important parallels and insights into the challenges which confront former southern african liberation movements as they move to become parties of government. Opposition mdc mayors have come out guns blazing accusing the ruling zanu pf party of working to hijack a social welfare programme funded by the world. University of zimbabwe students when demonstrating against zanupf and. National union patriotic front zanupf began to repackage history. In contrast, a military action by the junior officer corps or military rankand file. Final days the decay of robert mugabes personal rule in. Historical background to zanu pf and zimbabwean politics. Against the new opposition party, the movement for democratic change, zanu pf engaged in violence and intimidation, often relying on youth and war veterans, even as it accused its opponents of subversive violence. Zanupf took 82% of the vote, securing 118 out of 120 seats, 55 of them uncontested. Zanu pf chiredzi west legislator farai musikavanhu zanu pf allegedly grabbed,4 tonnes of the subsidised roller meal from ok triangle, while. Zanu pf took 82% of the vote, securing 118 out of 120 seats, 55 of them uncontested.
The case for security sector reform in zimbabwe ii this paper is intended to stimulate a discourse on the security sector and its reform in zimbabwe. For many analysts, the general election campaign in 2000 showed a new face of the ruling party, zanu pf. Miller, analyst on african affairs, adelaide, south australia redicting the demise of robert gabriel mugabe, president of zimbabwe and one of the last big men, the tyrants who emerged out of. It makes the case that security sector reform ssr must be a fundamental component in zimbabwes stabilisation and reconstruction, and suggests ways forward to achieve this.
Zimbabwe and the prospects for nonviolent political change. Zanupf has relied on the use of violence and coercive tactics to consolidate and maintain its power for more than two decades. The methodological approach holds that zimbabwes turbulent history is determined as much by modes of production as it is by ideology, politics and methods of representation and that zanu pfs maintenance of power has relied on both coercion and consent. Concerned about the recent challenges that we have faced as a country and. The uses and abuses of history the presentation of history has been critical to the survival of the zanupf oneparty state, particularly from 20002005. Agreement between zanupf and the two mdc formations on. Zanu is the zimbabwe african national union, the political wing of the maoist faction of the majorityrule movement in zimbabwe in the 1970s. Pdf the zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic fronts ngo act, promising to severely curtail the activities of civil society groups with a whiff. On march 31, 2005, zimbabwe holds a parliamentary general election, the sixth since attaining her independence on 18th april, 1980, after a zanu. In these areas the party had created popular organisations, initially responsible for supporting the liberation effort, but later structured to perform essential social and economic tasks as an alternative to the rhodesian governments rudimentary district administration. The zimbabwe african national union zanu was a militant organisation that fought against white minority rule in rhodesia, formed as a split from the zimbabwe african peoples union zapu. Final days the decay of robert mugabes personal rule in zimbabwe.
As journalists and a veritable army of newfound zimbabwe experts join the bun rush to describe the history of robert mugabes replacement, emmerson mnangagwa, there has been much talk. In sum, this meant that zanu pf had won more than the twothirds majority required for amending the recently agreed constitution. The zimbabwe african national union patriotic front zanupf has been the ruling party in zimbabwe since independence in 1980. Files and emails from veronica and sylvester nyatsuro, exposing their zanu pf membership, desire for stolen farms and tax evasion.
We cannot reconcile until the past has been acknowledged. History of the private media and zanu pf in zimbabwe. In contrast, a military action by the junior officer corps or military rankandfile. It traces the economic history of zimbabwe over the last 100 years but pays special attention to the last 20 years since the coming to power of zanupf. Image 2 zanupf election posters linked to land 61 image 3 flush them down. U t e f o institut e for s ecurit y studies t r i t s e n.
Most observers reported the elections to have been free and fair although they criticised zanu pf s domination of the media and aspects of electoral procedures. Human rights abuses in the marange diamond fields of. Erosion of the rule of law in zimbabwe human rights watch. Agreement between the zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic front zanupf and the two movement for democratic change mdc formations, on resolving the challenges facing zimbabwe preamble we, the parties to this agreement. Zimbabwes ruling party, zanupf, and the zimbabwe defence forces, in an attempt to capture both foreign and domestic state and private assets.
The party has been led by robert mugabe, first as prime minister with the zimbabwe african national union zanu and then as president from 1988 after merger with the zimbabwe african peoples union zapu and retaining the name zanupf. The zimbabwe african national union patriotic front zanupf is a political organization which has been the ruling party of zimbabwe since independence in 1980. Zanupf has relied on the use of violence and coercive tactics to consolidate and. Aippa report final article 19 defending freedom of. The newsday,were being leaked stories and documents by zanu pf politiciansalbeit on a. Relations between zimbabwes independent media and zanu pf. Files and emails from veronica and sylvester nyatsuro, exposing their zanupf membership, desire for stolen farms and tax evasion. History of the private media and zanu pf in zimbabwe 12 a economic pressures and media upheaval 18 b crisis of perspective 21. Zimbabwes history of political transformation from 1980 to late 1990s, was characterized by a continual process of concentrating more and more power in the presidency and the top circle of the ruling party, the zimbabwe african national unionpatriotic front zanupf.